What Is Causing Your Depression?

At Ascent Mental Health, we often hear the question: “Why do I feel this way?” Depression is a deeply personal and complex condition, and there is no one-size-fits-all answer. But understanding the possible causes of depression can offer comfort—and open the door to healing.

Depression doesn't happen in a vacuum. It’s often influenced by a combination of biological, emotional, and environmental factors. Below are some of the most common contributors we see in our work with clients.

1. Depression and the Myths of Brain Chemistry

For decades, researchers have linked depression to imbalances in brain chemicals such as serotonin and dopamine. In recent years, however, the psychiatric field has begun to move away from this theory. Much of the evidence supporting the “chemical imbalance” narrative was heavily promoted by pharmaceutical companies seeking to market profitable medications.

While mental health medications that modulate brain chemistry can reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety, claiming this as conclusive proof that these conditions are caused by neurochemical imbalances is a dramatic leap in logic—and an overly simplistic view of human experience. Chemical imbalances can play a primary role in certain conditions, such as bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. However, in many cases of depression and anxiety, there are clear, legitimate reasons for the presence of symptoms.

Put simply, people often feel depressed or anxious because life circumstances are difficult. These feelings are natural, even appropriate, responses—not necessarily signs of a disorder. In fact, if someone felt perfectly fine in the face of overwhelming hardship, that might be more cause for concern.

For these reasons, therapy and understanding the root causes of distress are critical. While antidepressants and anti-anxiety medications remain common tools in psychiatry, they are typically prescribed to help reduce symptoms, not to treat the underlying cause. In most cases, medications can ease the intensity of depression or anxiety, but it is therapy that serves as the primary curative agent.  

Many people benefit most from a treatment plan that includes both medication management and talk therapy.

2. Chronic Stress and the Body’s Stress Response

Long-term stress can lead to physical changes in the brain—particularly in areas that regulate mood and memory. When the body is constantly in "fight or flight" mode, it can exhaust the system that manages stress (called the HPA axis). Over time, this can contribute to feelings of fatigue, hopelessness, and emotional overwhelm.

3. Early Life Experiences and Attachment

Our childhood relationships shape how we view ourselves and others. If early caregivers were emotionally unavailable, inconsistent, or struggling with their own mental health, it can disrupt a child’s sense of safety. These early patterns often influence how we manage stress and relationships as adults—and can contribute to depression later in life.

4. Genetics and Family History

If depression runs in your family, you may have a higher predisposition to develop it yourself. However, genes are only part of the picture. Many people with a family history never experience depression, while others without a genetic link do. It’s the interaction between genetics and life experiences that often determines mental health outcomes.

5. Lifestyle and Physical Health

Sleep, nutrition, exercise, and substance use all play major roles in mental wellness. Skipping meals, staying sedentary, or living with chronic sleep disruption can increase vulnerability to depression. On the other hand, even small improvements in daily habits can have a powerful impact on mood and resilience.

6. Unprocessed Trauma

Unresolved emotional trauma—whether from childhood, relationships, or significant life events—can shape the nervous system in lasting ways. You may feel anxious, numb, or disconnected without understanding why. Trauma-informed therapy offers a safe, supportive environment to process these experiences and regain emotional balance.

7. Major Life Transitions

Big changes—such as divorce, job loss, illness, or the death of a loved one—can leave us feeling lost or ungrounded. Even positive transitions, like starting a new career or becoming a parent, can bring unexpected emotional challenges. Depression can sometimes emerge during these periods of change and stress.

You’re Not Alone—And You Don’t Have to Do This Alone

Depression can make life feel heavy and isolating. But help is available, and healing is possible. Whether you’re dealing with long-term symptoms or a recent change in mood, it's okay to reach out for support.

At Ascent Mental Health, our compassionate team of licensed mental health professionals is here to help you understand what’s contributing to your depression and create a personalized plan for healing.

Ready to Take the First Step?

Contact us today to schedule an appointment or learn more about our depression treatment services in Utah County.